Ferrosilicon is widely used in the iron and steel industry, the casting industry and other industrial production. Ferrosilicon is an essential deoxidizer in steelmaking industry. In steelmaking, ferrosilicon is used for precipitation deoxidation and diffusion deoxidation. Brick iron is also used as an alloying agent in steelmaking.
Adding a certain amount of silicon to the steel can significantly improve the strength, hardness and elasticity of the steel, increase the magnetic permeability of the steel, and reduce the hysteresis loss of the transformer steel.
Main uses of ferrosilicon:
Ferrosilicon acts as a deoxidizer, alloying agent and reducing agent. The role of silicon manganese is deoxidizing agent, alloying agent and desulfurizing agent. Silicon can significantly improve the elasticity and permeability of steel. Manganese can reduce the brittleness of the stiffness, improve the heat treatment performance of the stiffness, and increase the strength, hardness and wear resistance of the stiffness.
Silicon-manganese alloys can deoxidize and may increase the manganese content in the finished steel and increase the strength of the steel. As a result, the proportion of silicon-manganese alloy used as a deoxidizer is gradually higher than that of ferrosilicon. As the saying goes, “you can’t make steel without manganese.” At present, the role of manganese in the steel production process cannot be replaced by other elements.
Ferrosilicon smelting method:
Low-silicon ferrosilicon (10 ~ 15% silicon) can be smelted in blast furnaces with iron ore and silica. High coke ratio and wind temperature are required. In operation, the top temperature of the furnace is high, the gas contains much dust, and the prolific operation is difficult.
High-silicon ferrosilicon is smelted in a carbon-lined reduction furnace, using silica, steel chips (or iron scales), and coke as raw materials.
Electric furnace iron silicon is slag free smelting, raw materials must be clean, not mixed with mud sand and other impurities, the charge with wood chips and coal, can improve the performance of the charge.
In the smelting process, the material surface is easy to crust and “stab fire” (the material surface spits fire), and it must be often “ramming furnace”. The furnace produces iron silicon every 2 to 4 hours and casts ingots with a thickness of less than 100 mm in the ingot mold. Iron silicon is generally refined by open type electric furnace.
In recent years, in order to prevent environmental pollution, more “low smoke hood” or “semi-closed” type electric furnace is used to facilitate the recovery of heat energy and smoke and dust removal; The production of high-silicon ferrosilicon (containing more than 75% silicon), mostly using rotary electric furnaces to reduce ramming furnace.
Large ferrosilicon furnace capacity of 10000 ~ 96000 kVA, ferrosilicon production power consumption is about: 45% ferrosilicon, 5000 kW · h/ton; 75% ferrosilicon, 9000 kW · h/ton; 90% ferrosilicon, 14000 kW · h/ton. In order to meet the requirement that the aluminum content of ferrosilicon in electrical steel should not be too high, refining methods such as blowing oxygen or blowing chlorine have been developed in recent years.
Appearance: The appearance of ferro silicon is metallic bread color, without powder and slag.
Chemical composition: In addition to Si and Fe, ferro silicon also includes Mn, Cr, P, S, C, and other elements.
Melting point: 72#-80# ferro silicon melting point 1290℃-1360℃, 75# ferro silicon melting point 1300℃.
Density: The density of ferro silicon depends on the content of silicon in ferro silicon, and its density decreases with the increase of silicon content in ferro silicon alloy. The density of 75# ferro silicon is 3270kg/m3.
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